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Signs and Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder that affects the functioning of the large intestine. While IBS does not cause permanent damage to the digestive tract, its recurring symptoms can significantly disrupt daily life, work productivity, and emotional well-being. Millions of people live with IBS without realizing that proper diagnosis and management can greatly improve their quality of life.
At SP Medifort, our gastroenterology specialists focus on accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment to help patients manage IBS effectively.

What Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome?

IBS is classified as a functional bowel disorder, meaning the digestive system appears normal but does not function as it should. The condition is often influenced by gut sensitivity, abnormal bowel movements, stress, and dietary triggers.

Common Signs and Symptoms of IBS

Abdominal Pain and Cramping

Pain is the hallmark symptom of IBS. It often occurs in the lower abdomen and may improve after a bowel movement. The intensity can range from mild discomfort to severe cramping.

Bloating and Gas

Many patients experience persistent bloating, abdominal tightness, and excessive gas, especially after meals.

Changes in Bowel Habits

IBS may present as:

  • IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D)
  • IBS with constipation (IBS-C)

IBS with alternating diarrhea and constipation (IBS-M)

Mucus in Stool

The presence of white or clear mucus in stool is commonly seen in IBS and is usually harmless.

Feeling of Incomplete Evacuation

Patients may feel that bowel movements are incomplete, even after using the restroom.

Fatigue and Sleep Problems

Chronic digestive discomfort can lead to poor sleep quality, fatigue, and reduced energy levels.

Anxiety and Emotional Stress

IBS is closely linked to the brain-gut connection. Stress and anxiety often worsen symptoms, creating a cycle of discomfort.

What Triggers IBS Symptoms?

  • Certain foods (spicy, fatty, or dairy products)
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Hormonal changes
  • Irregular eating habits

Identifying and avoiding personal triggers is a key part of IBS management.

Diagnosis and Treatment

IBS is diagnosed based on symptoms, medical history, and by ruling out other conditions. Treatment focuses on symptom control through:

  • Dietary changes
  • Stress management
  • Medications
  • Lifestyle modification